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Return to El Salvador
''Return to El Salvador'' is a 2010 documentary film directed by Philadelphia filmmaker Jamie Moffett and narrated by Martin Sheen. It chronicles the rebuilding of El Salvador in the years after the Salvadoran Civil War and explores the impact a lasting legacy of violence and unrest has had on those who survived, fled, and are now seeking to return.
== Background ==
The Salvadorian Civil War was a 12-year conflict (from 1980 to 1992) that killed over 70,000 people〔http://www.pbs.org/itvs/enemiesofwar/elsalvador2.html〕 and displaced nearly one-quarter of the population.〔Todd, Molly. ''Beyond Displacement''. The University of Wisconsin Press, 2010, p. 54〕 The fighting, which took place between the Salvadoran Army and the leftist guerrilla organization, the Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front (FMLN), resulted in civilian deaths as the Salvadoran Army bombed and raided villages thought to be sympathetic to the FMLN. Many of these Salvadoran Army soldiers were trained and supported by the United States military at its School of the Americas (now known as WHINSEC), located in Ft. Benning, Georgia.〔http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,922440,00.html〕 The Revolutionary Government Junta in power targeted many well-known figures. Óscar Romero was the fourth Archbishop of San Salvador and spoke out against the poverty, social injustice, assassinations, and torture caused by the U.S.-backed El Salvadoran government.〔http://www.share-elsalvador.org/25anniv/romero-carter.htm〕 He was assassinated on 24 March 1980. Other victims included six Jesuit priests of the Universidad Centroamericana (UCA), their cook, and her daughter were also shot and killed in 1989. The El Salvadoran army had branded the university as the intelligence behind the guerilla army. Later, the military told American advisers that a guerilla operating station had been established at the university. The ensuing raid, which found no evidence of a commend post, resulted in the massacre of the priests and their two female co-workers.〔http://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/30/us/colonel-guilty-in-jesuit-deaths-in-el-salvador.html?scp=1&sq=Colonel%20Guilty%20In%20Jesuit%20Deaths%20In%20El%20Salvador&st=cse〕 In 1991, Colonel Benavides and Lieutenant Mendoza of the El Salvadoran army were found guilty of the crimes. In 1992, a U.N. peace accord formally ended the El Salvadoran Civil War.〔"Peace treaty on El Salvador conflict signed in Mexico City." United Nations Chronicle 29.2 (1992): 29. EBSCO MegaFILE. EBSCO. 3 June 2011.〕 The ruling government remained conservative until 2009, when Mauricio Funes won the elections to bring the left-wing FMLN into power.〔http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/mar/16/el-salvador-presidential-election-funes〕 Before his entry into politics, Funes gained popularity through his twenty-year career in journalism, working with CNN Español and Canal 12, among other programs.〔"Leader Biography." El Salvador Country Review (2011): 55-56. EBSCO MegaFILE. EBSCO. 3 June 2011.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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